朱迪斯·巴特勒:哲学的第三类接触

  • 家庭
  • 120分钟
  • JudithButler:PhilosophicalEncountersoftheThirdKind… JudithButler:PhilosophicalEncountersoftheThirdKind DirectedbyPauleZajdermann FirstRun/IcarusFilms ThetitleofthenewdocumentaryonfeministtheoristJudithButlerplaysuponDr.J.AllenHynek’shypothesisthattherearethreepossiblekindsofencounterswithaliens:thefirstkindisdefinedas“sighting,”thesecondas“evidence”andthethirdas“contact.”Thetitlenotonlysuggeststhattheintentionofthedocumentaryistomake“contact”with“JudithButler,”butthat,moretothepoint,somethinghasprohibitedthiscontact.Theobjectiveofthedocumentary,therefore,is“topopularize[Butler’s]insightfulanalysisofsexualidentityandgenderroles”sothatcontactcanbemadebetween“us”and“her,”theimaginary,inaccessibleOther.Consequently,theresultisthatthepasttwentyyearsofButler’sworkisreducedintodigestiblephrases:“peopleareanxiousaboutgender,”“genderisalwaysaboutambivalence”and“genderisalwaysafailure.” Forthoseof“us”whoengagewithButler’sworkonascholarlylevel,thisdocumentarywillbeunsatisfactory;thereisnocriticaldiscussionofButler’smostcontestedideasaboutgender,performativity,howshenegotiatesvarious(andseeminglydisparate)theoriesintoherowncriticalmethodologyortheproblematicsignificanceofHegelianrecognitioninhertheoriesonidentityandethics.Insteadofestablishingcontactonaphilosophicallevel,thedesireistomakecontactwithButleronapersonallevel.ThusthefilmopenswithButlerdescribingherselfasa“problemchild,”whoskippedclassesanddid“terriblethings,”andendswiththecameralingeringslowlyoveraphotoofherwithherpartnerandson. ThecurrencyofacademiainAmericaseemstobeinitsvalueasentertainment-inscholarsascelebrities,whenmorselsabouttheirprivatelivescanbeincludedinthepagesofPeopleMagazine.ItisnowonderthenthatwearetoldatlengthaboutButler’sfamilyowningmovietheatresinCleveland,orthathermotherislikeJoanCrawford.Inoneparticularlyintriguing,albeituncomfortable,scene,Butlerdiscusseshercelebritystatus,theinvasionofherprivacybythepressandthatsomecriticismshereceivesisbothpersonalandpainful.Herfrustrationwiththeexpectationthatshemustembodyherowntheoryfunctionsasironiccommentaryonthedocumentaryitself.ItalsoraisesthequestionaboutwhatcompelledButlertodothedocumentary—whatkindofcontact,andatwhatprice? ReviewedbyMarcieBianco 茱蒂絲.巴特勒,國際當紅的後結構女性主義者、酷兒理論學者、哲學家。猶太人,現任美國加州大學柏克萊分校(UCBerkeley)比較文學系主任、修辭學與比較文學教授。除了她的哲學思想,片中也描述她的童年,如何在一個飽受性別規範暴力的猶太家庭中成長。事實上,《性別麻煩》中的理論,正是她從小時候家庭成員的互動中觀察而來。片中呈現巴特勒幽默風趣的談吐,以及過人的機智與魅力。

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