简介：FilmmakerOzualdoRibeiroCandeiaswhodied,atage84,yesterday,February8,inSaoPaulo,Brazil,fromrespiratoryinsufficiency,wasfirstofallarebel.Hewasknownasthefatherofthemarginalcinema,afilmmovementcreatedinoppositiontoBrazil'shighlyintellectualcinemanovo(newcinema). CandeiaswasbornonNovember5,1922,inCajubi,interiorofSaoPaulostate,sonofasmallfarmer.Heworkedthefields,aswellasataxiandtruckdriverbeforemovinginthe1950stoSaoPaulocity. Therehegota16mmcameraforfilmingweddings,birthdays,baptisms,andfamilyget-togethers.Withoutanyformalfilmeducation,thatwasallheneededtostartacareerasscreenwriter,movieeditoranddirector. HisfirstexperiencewithmovieswastheshortTambaú-CidadedosMilagres(Tambaú-CityofMiracles)from1955,whichalreadyhadsomeofthetraitsthatwouldmarkhiswork:theirony,theprovocationandthesearchforthedowntroddeninsociety. Twootherfamousshortsbyhimwere,PolíciaFeminina(FemalePolice)in1959andEnsinoIndustrial(IndustrialTeaching),threeyearslater. Onlyin1964hewouldmakehisfirstfull-lengthmovie,AMargem(TheMargin)whichwouldbeconsideredanaestheticallyrevolutionaryworkandthefirstfilmoftheso-calledmarginalcinema. Ironically,theunculturedman,tooktotheextremetheCinemaNovo'smaximutteredbyGláuberRocha:"Anideainyourheadandacamerainyourhand."InAMargem,CandeiastellsthestorynotonlyofthosewholiveonthebanksofsuperpollutedTietêriverbutalsothosewholiveonthebanksofmiseryanddestitution. Thelackofresourcesendedupbecomingavirtueeventhoughhisworkatthebeginningwasdespisedbycriticsandgoodpartofthepublic. HeendedupcreatinganaestheticalschoolthatincludedothercursedandradicaldirectorsuchasJúlioBressane,LuisSérgioPerson,JoséMojicaMarins,RogérioSganzerlaandCarlosReichenbach. TheyweretheothersideofgoodtasteandproprietyandestablishedthemselvesinthemostdecadentzoneofSaoPaulo,theBocadoLixo(TrashMouth,literally),thecity'sredlightdistrict. InBocadoLixo,usingsecond-handequipmentandamateuractors,thesemenproducedmorethan700full-lengthmoviesintwodecades,from1970totheendofthe1980s. Manyofthemwereexperimentalworksthathadverylittleexposurebutotherswereboxofficehits,mostofthembelongingtopornochanchada,agenrethatmixedsoftpornowithcomedy. CandeiaswasalwaysoneofthemoreactiveintheBocadoLixo.Healsoworkedthereasactor,producerandscreenwriter.Amonghismoviesasdirectorwere:OAcordo(Theagreement),MeuNomeETonho(MyNameIsTonho)(1969),AHeran?a(TheInheritance)(1971),Ca?adaSangrenta(BloodyHunt)(1973),AFreiraeaTortura(TheNunandtheTorture)(1983)andAsBelasdaBillings(TheBillingsLakeBelles)(1987). His1992movieOVigilante(TheWatchman)earnedhimtheBrasília'sFestivalspecialjuryprize.Candeias'work,however,waspracticallyforgottenuntiltheBancodoBrasil'sCulturalCenterpresentedarevivalofhisworkin2002.…