疯癫大师

• 别名：通灵仙师,MadMasters
• 清晰：BD
• 类型：
• 主演：
• 年代：2004 / 法国 / 让·鲁什
• 导演：让·鲁什
• 国家/地区：法国
• 时长：120分钟
• 语言/字幕：国语对白 中文字幕
• 年代：2004
• 更新时间：2024-04-08 01:38:53
• 影视/评论：当前有0条评论，
• 详细介绍： LesMaitresFousisabouttheceremonyofareligioussect,t… LesMaitresFousisabouttheceremonyofareligioussect,theHauka,whichwaswidespreadinWestAfricafromthe1920stothe1950s.HaukaparticipantswereusuallyruralmigrantsfromNigerwhocametocitiessuchasAccrainGhana(thenGoldCoast),wheretheyfoundworkaslaborersinthecity'slumberyards,asstevedoresatthedocks,orinthemines.Therewereatleast30,000practicingHaukainAccrain1954whenJeanRouchwasaskedbyasmallgrouptofilmtheirannualceremonyDuringthisritual,whichtookplaceonafarmafewhoursfromthecity,theHaukaenteredtranceandwerepossessedbyvariousspiritsassociatedwiththeWesterncolonialpowers:thegovernorgeneral,theengineer,thedoctor'swife,thewickedmajor,thecorporaloftheguard. TherootsoftheHaukalieintraditionalpossessioncultscommonamongtheSonghayandDjermapeoplesoftheNigerRiverbasin.Giftedmenandwomenmayentertranceandbecomepossessedbyanyofanumberofstronggods,suchasDongo,godofthunderandthesky.Supplicantsconsultthegodthroughthetrancingmediumandreceiveadviceabouttheirproblems,curesfordiseases,comfortandsupport,orreprimandsfortheirwrongdoings.Likethesetraditionalpossessioncults,theHaukasectco-existedwithIslamandincorporatedmanyIslamicsaintsandheroesintoitsrituals.MostofitsadherentswereMuslims. HaukafirstappearedinNiger,itisthought,inthepersonofaformersoldierwhoparticipatedinthesavagebattlesofthesecondGermanoffensiveofWorldWarIin1917and1918,inwhichWestAfricantroopsweredecimateddespitetheirspectacularperformance.ThissoldiermadethepilgrimagetoMeccaandreturnedtoNigerinthe1920s.Inhisvillage,inRouch'saccount,hefoundthepeople"doingatraditionaldanceandthesoldierwaspossessed,veryviolentlypossessed,andwhilepossessedhesaid'Iamtheavant-gardeofthenewgodswhoarecomingfromMalia[theRedSea].MynameisGovernorMaliaandIamthefirstofthenewgodswhoarecomingandtheyarethegodsofstrength'." TheHaukawerequicklysuppressedbytheFrenchauthoritiesinNiger,withthesupportoftraditionalchiefsandpriestswhofearedthepopularityofthenewmovementanditschallengetoestablishedauthority.ButtheHaukacultspread,evenwithinthejailwalls,andby1935theBritishadministrationinGhanaagainattemptedtosuppressitandtojailthecultists.FiresbrokeoutinresponsethroughoutAccra,andeventuallytherewasanagreementthatHaukapriestswouldlimittheirceremoniestocertainplacesandtoSaturdaysandSundays.Thiswasstillthecasein1954whenRouchfilmedLesMaitresFous,whichwasbannedbythecolonialgovernmentin1955. TheHaukamovementwasaphenomenonofthecolonialera.AftertheindependenceofGhanain1957,migrationwascontrolledandmanyHaukawhohadsettledinAccrareturnedtoNiger.Nigeritselfgainedindependencethreeyearslater,andtheHaukabegantosubsideandtobeabsorbedintothetraditionalreligioussystem.Dongo,forexample,theoldgodofthunder,isnowconsideredthefatheroftheHauka.AsRouchhaspointedout,"therewasnomorecolonialpowerandthereneverwasaHaukacalledKwameN'krumah."TheeventsfilmedrepresenttheendoftheHaukadevelopment.TodaythefilmisshowninthevillagesofGhanaandintheNigerCulturalCenter. TheimageryinLesMaitresFousispowerfulandoftendisturbing:possessedmenwithrollingeyesandfoamingatthemouth,eatingasacrificeddog(inviolationoftaboo),burningtheirbodieswithnamingtorches.Beyondtheimagery,thethemesarealsopowerful,andhavehadanimpactinourownculture:JeanGenet'sTheBlackswasmodeledupontheHaukainversioninwhichblacksassumetheroleofmasters,andPeterBrook'sMarat/SadewasinfluencedbythetheatricalityandinventedlanguageofHaukapossession.Yet,asRouchremindsusinaninterviewinCineaste,possessionfortheHaukacultistswasnottheaterbutreality.Thesignificanceofthisrealityisleftambiguousinthefilm,althoughRouch'scommentarysuggeststhattheritualprovidesapsychologicalreleasewhichenablestheHaukatobegoodworkersandtoendureadegradingsituationwithdignity.TheunexploredrelationoftheHaukamovementtotheircolonialexperience1-Sperhapsthemostintriguingissueraisedbythisceremonyinwhichtheoppressedbecome,foraday,thepossessedandthepowerful. 详情